When I expanded this story from the original for Zenger's into a longer version for the IMC, I made a major mistake. I identified Juan Vargas as the first Latino elected to the San Diego City Council in modern times and said that no Latino had won a Council seat before the charter change to all-district elections in 1988. Actually, Uvaldo Martinez was appointed to fill a vacancy in the early 1980's and was subsequently elected citywide (against another Latino/a candidate, Celia Ballesteros, who carried the district but lost citywide). Subsequently Ballesteros served as an interim appointee when Martinez was forced to resign the seat because of a scandal.