{"article":{"id":98012,"heading":"biodiesel collectivo","author":"live free from petroleum","created":"2003-12-19 22:35:52","modified":"2003-12-21 00:55:56","last_modified":"Sun, 21 Dec 2003 07:55:56","article":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p>biodiesel collectivo could be similar to the low key pick-up truck traveling throught the region to pick up passengers on the roadside who could trade or barter for sharing expenses.. <br><br> bikes are nice, tandems are nicer.. <br><br> petroleum era is soon over and the increasing conflict over the Middle East (IRAQ)'s dwindling crude oil supply is not enough to sustain United States SUV\/AUTO culture of mass petrochemical consumption.. <br><br> Placing this same problem on others through industrialization of other lands through WTO\/corporate invasions against the will of the people.. <br><br> Please don't try to tell e the Zapatistas want Coca-cola products in their community. Isn't it bad enough that 12 years olds in this couintry get diabetes from drinking too much Coca-cola? Of course the murder of Columbian workers by paramilitary\/Coca-cola\/government goons must also mean they want it? <br><br> The process of urbanization increases dependency on the products of the corporations that supposedly make our lives so much easier.. <br><br> Do u like driving to work so you can make your SUV?car? payments? <br><br> The cycle never ends as long as you maintain dependence on a resource that is soaked in the blood of Iraq people.. <br><br> Live free in the forest without rent payments. Community gardens along the West are providing food source. Shelter from hemp particle boards save forests.. <\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","contact":"","link":"","address":"","phone":"","parent_id":0,"mime_type":"text\/plain","summary":"transportation without petroleum is possibile when we support biodiesel collectivo for transportation, growing our own hemp and converting leftover plant oil into biodiesel..","numcomment":1,"fileurl":"\/uploads\/","filesize":null,"article_url":"\/news\/2003\/12\/98012.php"},"attachments":[],"comments":[{"id":98016,"heading":"An alternative source of oil:","article":"Thermal depolymerization.\r\n\r\nhttp:\/\/en2.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thermal_depolymerization\r\n\r\nThermal depolymerization is a process for the reduction of complex organic materials (usually waste products of various sorts) into light crude oil. It mimics the natural geological processes thought to be involved in the production of fossil fuels. Under pressure and heat, long chain polymers of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon decompose into short-chain petroleum hydrocarbons with a maximum length of around 18 carbons.\r\n\r\nThis is not a new technology; it is similar to the process that produced the fossil fuels used today. The difference is that where the geological process occurs over millions of years, the technological process occurs in a timeframe measured in hours. \r\n\r\nUntil recently the human process was not efficient enough to serve as a practical source of fuel - more energy was required than was produced. However, a new approach was developed by Illinois microbiologist Paul Baskis in the 1980s and refined over the next fifteen years that exceeded break-even. The technology was finally developed for commercial use in 1996 by Changing World Technologies. A demonstration plant was completed in 1999 in Philadelphia, and the first full-scale commercial plant was constructed in Carthage, Missouri, about 100 yards from ConAgra Foods' massive Butterball Turkey plant, where it will processes 200 tons of turkey waste a day. \r\n\r\nMany methods to create hydrocarbons use a lot of energy to remove water from the materials. This method instead requires water, as the water both improves the heating process and supplies hydrogen and oxygen for the chemical reactions. \r\n\r\nThe feedstock material is first ground into small chunks, and mixed with water if it is especially dry. It is then fed into a reaction chamber where it is heated to around 250\u00b0C and subjected to 600 psi for approximately 15 minutes, after which the pressure is rapidly released to boil off most of the water. The result is a mix of crude hydrocarbons and solid minerals, which are separated out. The hydrocarbons are sent to a second-stage reactor where they are heated to 500\u00b0C, further breaking down the longer chains, and the resulting petroleum is then distilled in a manner similar to conventional oil refining. Working with turkey offal as the feedstock, the process proved to have energy efficiencies of approximately 85%; in other words, the energy required to process materials could be supplied by using 15% of the petroleum output. Higher efficiencies may be possible with drier and more carbon-rich feedstocks, such as waste plastic.\r\n\r\n****************\r\n\r\nThe advantage of this process is it will use anything containing carbon...turkey guts, tires, food waste, sewage.  Another advantage is we won't have to develop new energy infrastructure or retrofit vehicles.  We can cut our dependence on foreign oil and give ourselves more time to develop large-scale alternative renewable sources.\r\n\r\nGood stuff.","author":"iojhuiyg","parent_id":98012,"mime_type":"text\/plain","created":"2003-12-19 23:15:03","modified":"2013-11-11 00:28:08","fileurl":""}]}